Credit Crisis

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Earlier this week, Representative Scott Garrett (R-NJ) introduced an amendment to the proposed financial reform legislation that will establish a regulatory framework for a covered bond market in the United States.  The House side of the reconciliation committee quickly passed the measure – the Senate side is now considering it.  This development is welcomed news to a banking industry that has craved a covered bond market for some time now.  For our part, we’ve been examining covered bond structures since the advent of the credit crises as our clients continued to try to devise a workable structure, so we’re very excited by this development. 

Covered bonds, which have been part of the European financing vernacular for over 200 years, function as a cross between an unsecured corporate bond and an asset-backed security.  Typically, a financial institution will issue a direct-recourse bond which is also secured by a specified pool of assets that remain on the financial institution’s balance sheet.  These are attractive to investors for many reasons, most important of which is that the investor has recourse to a specified pool of assets in the event the financial institution becomes insolvent, unlike typical unsecured corporate bonds that depend solely on the issuer’s credit.Continue Reading Reconciliation Update: Covered Bonds

The Senate reconvened reconciliation hearings at noon today with a deal brokered yesterday to place the new financial watchdog agency within the auspices of the Federal Reserve, rather than establishing an independent agency.  This compromise by Congressional Democrats – which is engendering strong opposition from some important constituencies – could indicate a growing desperation to get something (anything, anything at all) in front of the President before his appearance at the G-20 this weekend.  As someone who spends a good piece of my week (and some weekends) reading and writing documents that are intended to build a legal framework around unforeseeable real-word events, I can appreciate the utter impossibility of crafting legislation that will simply get it right the first time.  I’ve learned this too many times:  As complexities increase, the better can become the enemy of the good. Continue Reading Dodd’s Inferno

According to the Boston Globe, the owners of Boston’s signature office building – the John Hancock Tower – have begun marketing a significant stake in the building.  Many will remember that the Hancock Tower represented one of the Great Recession’s first large-scale mezzanine foreclosures, falling in late 2008/early 2009 when a joint venture comprised of Normandy Real Estate and Five Mile Capital acquired the building via mezzanine foreclosure.  As other industry players were “extending and pretending”, the team from Normandy/Five Mile did their homework, called the borrower’s bluff and bought themselves a building.  And now it looks like it may be paying off.

By accurately predicting the building’s value and strategically purchasing mezzanine debt at the rights levels, the joint venture was able to seize control of the mezzanine stack and force foreclosure.  The master stroke – using mezzanine controlling holder rights to de-lever a bloated (and hugely complicated) mezzanine capital stack, while keeping attractively low-priced mortgage debt in place – serves as a brilliant example of sophisticated distressed-debt investing in CMBS structures and a primer on how to fight and win “Tranche Warfare”.
 Continue Reading The Hancock Tower: A Distressed Debt Success Story?

FASB wants to expand Fair Value to other financial assets.  That bears repeating:  FASB has published an Exposure Draft that would extend the dubious joys of fair value accounting to ALL financial assets.  I so wish I was making this up.  On May 26, 2010, FASB published this missive. Fair Value seems to hold a religious (that’s born again, not Presbyterian) fascination for the academic accounting community, which seems astonishingly indifferent to the horrifying role the viciously pro-cyclical fair value process played in the late “Great Recession.”  Isn’t the definition of insanity doing something a second time and expecting a different outcome?  What are we doing here?

The proposed new rules would require all financial assets, with very few exceptions, to be subject to a mark to market  requirement.  Banks and other financial institutions would be obliged to mark all loans whether held for sale (which makes some sense) or held to maturity.  For loans, the mark would hit Other Consolidated Income (OCI) and put equity on the Fair Value roller coaster.

Continue Reading More From FASB

I write from CREFC’s annual do with my 800 or so best friends.  We are trying to party like it’s not 2009, and you know, we’re getting there.  The government’s still playing pin the tail on the regulatory donkey, Europe’s a mess, housing and employment are not ready for prime time, and the banking system hangover goes on.  Yet…JPM got a deal done, the bonds cleared, and pricing was… well, it’s been reported that they made a few bucks.

The CREFC convention kick off is the Monday night parties, of which yours truly was a host of the annual Dechert dinner.  Note I said parties with an “s”.  We’ve had a banker party drought these past few years. I see the return of the Street parties as a leading indicator of CMBS 2.0.  We cannot wish 2.0 into existence, but let’s face it:  A robust appetite for anything to invest in with yield measured in percentage points not basis points plus good vibes can a market revive.
 Continue Reading Partying Like it’s not 2009

Last Friday I moderated a panel at the 11th Annual IMN Real Estate Opportunity and Private Investment Forum in New York.  The two-day event consisted of about 40 separate concurrent panels and drew over 800 industry participants.  The topics covered revolved around distressed debt investing – loan workouts, exit strategies, tranche warfare and distressed asset sales. 

My panel‘s topic was “Loan -To-Own” strategies.  Our conversation began with the panelists discussing the common characteristics of successful loan-to-own transactions.  The common areas of focus included the importance of stringent property-level due diligence, exacting legal due diligence with respect to loan documents, a realistic understanding of foreclosure processes and timeframes, accurate modeling of acquisition and stabilization costs, and the importance of the local expertise that can be gained from local developers and operators.Continue Reading Distressed Debt Conference

There’s a headline to grab attention. It’s been reported that several Chinese and other non-domestic and non-traditional lenders are rushing across the American landscape looking for deals. Take a look at the WSJ article of June 2 about the International & Commercial Bank of China’s recent loan to GE. ICBC has over a trillion dollars of assets, it’s reported to be the most profitable bank in the world and it’s ready to lend. Maybe this is just a “no duh” moment, but what a terrific business strategy for any lender not damaged by the late unpleasantness (a Southern expression still in use about the Civil War but appropriate here)! If the gnomes of Basal get their way and require US and European banks to put up massive capital over the next couple of years, strong, unimpaired semi-sovereign banks may be the best ticket in town.Continue Reading Chinese Banks Lend in the U.S.

Last week marked the three-year anniversary of New Century Financial filing Chapter 11 bankruptcy, an event that I tend to point to as demarcating "the beginning of the end" and "the end" of the housing bubble, and representing the true beginning of the credit crisis.

Until first quarter 2007, New Century Financial stood as the second-largest US subprime residential mortgage lender (after Countrywide), having contributed significantly to the awe-inspiring $500-plus billion in subprime loans made in 2006. However, faced with a funding deficit when New Century’s lenders pulled back amid rising defaults on subprime loans, the company ceased lending operations in early March, 2007. The inevitable Chapter 11 filing followed quickly on April 2.Continue Reading Celebrating Three Years of Crisis